Today in class we reviewed for our test on Egypt:

  • Upper Egypt- 500 mile long strip of fertile land along the nile (mountain area)
  • Lower Egypt- Wide land of the nile delta (sea level)
  • In 3100 BC Narmer united Egypt
  • Pharaoh is king and god- all powerful
  • Egyptians relied on harmony and balance of the universe which they call "maat"
  • gods were portrayed with animal heads or bodies
  • people in Egypt believed in after life called ka
  • they preserved bodies with mummification
  • Earliest Egyptian writing formed in 3100 bc and were small pictures known as hieroglyphics
  • papyrus- paper
  • Papyrus was stored in scrolls and were books of ancient Egypt
  • Jean François Champollion discovered hieroglyphics
  • Egyptian astronomers created a calendar with 12 months and 365 days to make better sense of the seasonal cycles 
  • wooden sailboats were constructed to increase transportation ability on the nile- technological breakthrough 
  • British archaeologist who discovered tutankhamon's tom in 1922 was named Howard Carter
  • The nile river provided Egypt with a reliable system of transportation and with an annual deposit of fertile soil
  • Asian nomads known as the Hyksos ruled much of Egypt from 1640 to 1570 B.C.
  • Cataract-A point in the Nile where boulders turn the river into churning rapids. This made it so you couldn't pass.
  • Delta- A marshy region formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river
  • Pharaoh- A king of Egypt that was considered a god as well as a political and military leader
  • Ka- eternal life
  • Pyramid- A massive structure with a rectangular base and four triangular sides
  • Maat- goddess who personified these concepts, and regulated the stars, seasons, and the actions of mortals and the deities who had brought order from chaos at the moment of creation
  • Hieroglyphics- an ancient Egyptian writing system
  • Papyrus- a tall reed that grows in the nile delta used by the ancient Egyptians to make paper.

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